Wheat diversity discovery could provide an urgently-needed solution to global food security
Wheat has a very large and complex genome. Researchers have found that different varieties can use their genes in different ways. By studying RNA—the molecules that carry out instructions from DNA—researchers can see which genes are active and when. By mapping this gene activity for the first time, researchers are able to accelerate international wheat breeding programs, developing new varieties of … ⌘ Read more

@movq@www.uninformativ.de I never programmed with Tkinter myself and it’s been ages that I ran a program which used it. I always thought that it looks awful. But maybe there are nicer themes these days. I just wanted to give the demo python3 -m tkinter a try, but this module doesn’t exist. I was always under the wrong impression that Tkinter is bundled with Python.

@lyse@lyse.isobeef.org Xfce is nice, but it’s also mostly GTK. I don’t really know the answer yet. For now, I’ll just avoid anything that uses GTK4.

For my own programs, I might have a closer look at Tkinter. I was complaining recently that I couldn’t find a good file manager, so it might be an interesting excercise to write one in Python+Tkinter. 🤔 (Or maybe that’s too much work, I don’t know yet.)

2 Ways to Install Homebrew in MacOS Tahoe
Homebrew is a powerful command line package manager that allows you to easily install, update, and manage popular command line programs and tools, as well as traditional graphical apps with cask (and third party tools like Applite help you manage cask through the GUI too). It’s a popular tool with advanced Mac users and those … Read More ⌘ Read more

Spec-driven development: Using Markdown as a programming language when building with AI
I coded my latest app entirely in Markdown and let GitHub Copilot compile it into Go. This resulted in cleaner specs, faster iteration, and no more context loss. ✨

The post [Spec-driven development: Using Markdown as a programming language when building with AI](https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/generative-ai/spec-driven-development-using-markdown-as-a-p … ⌘ Read more

Tiny RISC-V Development Board with WCH CH32V317WCU6 Available from $6.80
The nanoCH32V317 is a compact development board created by MuseLab to simplify prototyping and embedded system development. It integrates USB connectivity, Ethernet support, and a straightforward programming interface through USB Type-C, providing an accessible platform for engineers and hobbyists working with RISC-V microcontrollers. The board is powered by the WCH CH32V317WCU6, a RISC-V microcontro … ⌘ Read more

Brisbane roastery wins gold at national coffee competition
Coffee Mentality founder Ian Abadiano spills the beans on what it takes to stand out in Australia’s competitive coffee industry. ⌘ Read more

First Beta of iOS 26.1, MacOS Tahoe 26.1 is Available for Testing
Apple has issued the first beta versions of iOS 26.1, MacOS Tahoe 26.1, iPadOS 26.1, and the rest of the OS 26 suite. The first betas are available for any user registered in the developer beta program, and soon after for public beta testers too. It’s not entirely clear what the focus of iOS 26.1 … [Read More](https://osxdaily.com/2025/09/22/first-beta-of-ios-26-1-macos-tahoe-26-1-is-available-for-testin … ⌘ Read more

This thing about making software run on other people’s computers can be pretty hard!

No wonder I think I’ve heard this is one of the things that distinguishes professional software development from [my preferred domain of] things such as “end-user programming” etc.

The problem is that when you start sharing code in the context of a FLOSS project you almost immediately get enmeshed in concerns about packaging and how other people will install stuff, when sometimes you just don’t want to be a professional software developer! 😿

I’m always borrowing terms (learning ideas) from @lr like: incidental complexity. I hate incidental complexity or maybe I just fear incidental complexity. Can we escape incidental complexity? I guess not.

«Welcome to the #AutomatingGIS processes course! Through interactive lessons and hands-on exercises, this course introduces you to #GeographicDataAnalysis using the #Python programming language. If you are new to Python, we recommend you first start with the Geo-Python course (geo-python.readthedocs.io) before diving into using it for GIS analyses in this course.

Geo-Python and Automating GIS Processes (‘#AutoGIS’) have been developed by the Department of Geosciences and Geography at the University of Helsinki, Finland. The course has been planned and organized by the #DigitalGeographyLab. The teaching materials are openly accessible for anyone interested in learning.»

https://autogis-site.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

#GIS #geoPython #geopandas #shapely #osmnx #networkx

«Welcome to the #AutomatingGIS processes course! Through interactive lessons and hands-on exercises, this course introduces you to #GeographicDataAnalysis using the #Python programming language. If you are new to Python, we recommend you first start with the Geo-Python course (geo-python.readthedocs.io) before diving into using it for GIS analyses in this course.

Geo-Python and Automating GIS Processes (‘#AutoGIS’) have been developed by the Department of Geosciences and Geography at the University of Helsinki, Finland. The course has been planned and organized by the #DigitalGeographyLab. The teaching materials are openly accessible for anyone interested in learning.»

https://autogis-site.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

(via Paul Walter no linkedin)

#GIS #geoPython #geopandas #shapely #osmnx #networkx

«… It all went well until 1980 or so, when Ronald Reagan appointed a new head of the EPA. The lady didn’t like her stationery we had designed and with a simple “I want my daisy back” undermined the overall graphic system. If the Queen doesn’t like it, we don’t like it became the attitude, and the program began to crumble. The old logo was fully reinstated and the graphic system was abandoned. A decade later, nobody at the EPA could find a copy of the Graphic Standards System, except a bunch of legalese that you will find on its website.

I’m a fan of the EPA and all its efforts and hope that we helped in some small way for this agency to communicate within itself, to other government agencies, and with the American people. I’m very grateful and appreciative that Jesse Reed and Hamish Smyth of Standards Manual, and Julie Anixter of AIGA, brought this document to life again. Have fun revisiting.»
(from the introduction by Steff Geissbühler)

World wine award for Tasmania
A wine from the Coal River Valley has been named the Best White Wine in the world at the International Wine Challenge held in London. ⌘ Read more

@lyse@lyse.isobeef.org @dce@hashnix.club It’s pretty cool, I won’t argue that, but also really simple, to be completely honest. 😅 The BIOS already provides all you need to send data to the printer:

https://helppc.netcore2k.net/interrupt/bios-printer-services

The BIOS actually does provide a great deal of things, which, to me, was one of the most surprising learnings of this project (the project of writing a little 16-bit real-mode OS, that is). It often doesn’t feel like I was writing an operating system – it felt more like writing a normal program that just uses BIOS calls like we would use syscalls these days.

(I’ve also read a lot of warnings, like “don’t use the BIOS for this or that”. Mostly because it tends to be very slow.)

Vegetable growing awards
A north west Vegetable growing family has taken out the major award and a second award at the annual Harvest Moon Presentation. ⌘ Read more

We use all the Microsoft programs at work - Teams and Outlook especially.

After all kinds of technical problems with Teams, that sometimes go unresolved for over a year, Microsoft shifted their priorities away from fixing things and towards adding an annoying AI Copilot button, that just takes up space and all it does, is loads the website in Teams, so I disabled it. Soon they just add it back, but in a different row of icons, therefore it’s now a different button, you have to disable (I think they added yet another one, to the Teams, on my work phone and I had to disabled that too). Not too long after, the desktop one just enabled itself, because of “an error” and I can disable it, but doing so activates a popup, that begs you to turn it back on, every once in a while. You can’t disable the popup and can only click “Yes” or “Not now” on it. I still keep it disabled, out of principle, but yesterday I noticed yet another Copilot button, this time in the top right corner of my Outlook and this one cannot be disabled, on the business version of Outlook and even on the personal one, it’s only possible to do it through hidden privacy settings, by prohibiting the program from connecting to Microsoft servers, for extra “features”.

There’s people complaining about it online, so it’s clear nobody really wants it, but at this point Microsofts position is that you will have at least one useless AI button on your screen, at any given time, and you will be happy. And yes, their AI sucks and if I absolutely have to use AI for something, there’s already 2 better options, we have access to, at work.

** To the surprise of literally no one, I’m working on implementing a programming language all my own **
Inspired by conversation at a recent Future of Coding event, I decided I’d write up a little something about the programming language I’ve been working on (for what feels like forever) before I’ve gotten it to a totally shareable state. I have a working interpreter that I’m pretty pleased with, but I don’t yet have an interact … ⌘ Read more

Back to Win16 8-) New arrivals of fixed programs for Win31. A big collection of tested network software for Win31. gopher://shibboleths.org/1/win31

Small vineyard with a major trophy
Surprise trophy win for small Tasmanian vineyard ⌘ Read more

This is why I love tech from that era.

Write bytes to a parallel port and stuff happens. If it’s just ASCII bytes, then it will print ASCII text. Even the simplest programs can use a printer this way.

With a little bit of ESC/P, you can print images and other fancy stuff. That’s what I did this morning – never worked with ESC/P before, now I can print images. It’s not that hard.

Hayes-compatible modems are similar: Write some AT commands to the serial port and the modem does things. This isn’t even arcane knowledge, it’s explained in the printed manual.

Maybe I’m wearing rose-tinted glasses here, but I think with all this old stuff, you get useful results very quickly and the manuals are usually actually helpful. It’s so much easier to get started and to use this hardware to the full extent. Much less complexity than what we have today, not a ton of libraries and dependencies and SDKs and cloud services and what not.

Image

Image

@thecanine@twtxt.net Wow. I’m not an artist in any way, but I have tried to make icons for programs or fonts every now and then. Making something that is still recognizable at so few pixels is hard. Hats off!

Barossa mirco-winery, Ballycroft, powered by a second-hand EV
A micro-winery in the Barossa Valley has achieved a world first in their efforts to keep the vineyard eco-friendly. ⌘ Read more

Adelaide leads the charge to replace single-use fruit stickers
A Riverland citrus grower has started using laser printing on fruit eliminating the need for traditional stickers. ⌘ Read more

Video: C Programming on System 6 - VCFMW, CMaster ⌘ Read more

I have a #CreativeCoding course at Domestika, teaching the first steps of #Python and #py5. The feedback from students always makes me happy!

Check out this work by a student:

https://www.domestika.org/en/projects/1841169-programacion?ttag=a_b_a_villares

And other testimonials:

https://www.domestika.org/en/courses/4307-designing-with-python-programming-for-a-visual-context?ttag=a_b_a_villares

Image

Image

I have a #CreativeCoding course at Domestika, teaching the first steps of #Python and #py5. The feedback from students always makes me happy!

Check out this work by a student:

https://www.domestika.org/en/projects/1841169-programacion?ttag=a_b_a_villares

And other testimonials:

https://www.domestika.org/en/courses/4307-designing-with-python-programming-for-a-visual-context?ttag=a_b_a_villares

Image

Image

Updating my #Processing + #Python tools table:

https://github.com/villares/Resources-for-teaching-programming/blob/main/README.md#processing–python-tools-table

After some years, things changed and my opinions changed a bit too:

• #py5 is going supper strong and the “new snake_case names” are not an issue for me anymore. I used to worry a lot about all the Processing Python mode examples and teaching materials out there, and some of my own, with “CamelCase Processing names” I’m not worried at all about it anymore!

• For the record, Processing Python mode is just a legacy thing, no one should start anything with it.

• The great pure Python Processing implementation project #p5py seems stalled, latest release in Dec. 2023 :((( Advancing it was always going to be an uphill battle…

• The unrelated Brython based site p5py.com seems to be gone, so I removed it from the table.

• I added a link to my own #pyp5js hack py5pjs/py5mode because this is what I’m using most nowadays.

Updating my #Processing + #Python tools table:

https://github.com/villares/Resources-for-teaching-programming/blob/main/README.md#processing–python-tools-table

After some years, things changed and my opinions changed a bit too:

• #py5 is going super strong and the “new snake_case names” are not an issue for me anymore. I used to worry a lot about all the Processing Python mode examples and teaching materials out there, and some of my own, with “CamelCase Processing names” I’m not worried at all about it anymore!

• For the record, Processing Python mode is just a legacy thing, no one should start anything with it.

• The great pure Python Processing implementation project #p5py seems stalled, latest release in Dec. 2023 :((( Advancing it was always going to be an uphill battle…

• The unrelated Brython based site p5py.com seems to be gone, so I removed it from the table.

• I added a link to my own #pyp5js hack py5pjs/py5mode because this is what I’m using most nowadays.

Updating my #Processing + #Python tools table:

https://github.com/villares/Resources-for-teaching-programming/blob/main/README.md#processing–python-tools-table

After some years, things changed and my opinions changed a bit too:

• #py5 is going super strong and the “new snake_case names” are not an issue for me anymore. I used to worry a lot about all the Processing Python mode examples and teaching materials out there, and some of my own, with “CamelCase Processing names” I’m not worried at all about it anymore!

• For the record, Processing Python mode is just a legacy thing, no one should start anything with it.

• The great “pure Python” (no Java required) Processing implementation project #p5py seems stalled, latest release in Dec. 2023 :((( Advancing it was always going to be an uphill battle…

• The unrelated Brython based site p5py.com seems to be gone, so I removed it from the table.

• I added a link to my own #pyp5js hack py5pjs/py5mode because this is what I’m using most nowadays.

Updating my #Processing + #Python tools table:

https://github.com/villares/Resources-for-teaching-programming/blob/main/README.md#processing–python-tools-table

After some years, things changed and my opinions changed a bit too:

• #py5 is going super strong and the “new snake_case names” are not an issue for me anymore. I used to worry a lot about all the Processing Python mode examples and teaching materials out there, and some of my own, with “CamelCase Processing names” I’m not worried at all about it anymore!

• For the record, Processing Python mode is just a legacy thing, no one should start anything new with it.

• The great “pure Python” (no Java required) Processing implementation project #p5py seems stalled, latest release in Dec. 2023 :((( Advancing it was always going to be an uphill battle…

• The unrelated #Brython based site p5py.com seems to be gone, so I removed it from the table.

• I added a link to my own #pyp5js hack py5pjs/py5mode because this is the version of pyp5js I’m using most nowadays.

You can explicitly use colors in manpages. I saw this in the apt manpage of Ubuntu recently, which, for some reason, uses blue text in one place:

Image

Makes little sense to me. I’m glad that most manpages don’t do this. I wouldn’t want unicorn vomit all over the place.

Using colors can be done using the low level commands \m and \M:

.TH foo_program 3
\m[blue]I'm blue\m[], da ba dee.
\m[red]\M[yellow]I'm red on yellow.\m[]\M[]
This is quite horrible.

Image

@kat@yarn.girlonthemoon.xyz On the one hand, all these programs have a very long history and the technology behind manpages is actually very powerful – you can use it to write books:

https://www.troff.org/pubs.html

I have two books from that list, for example “The UNIX programming environment”:

Image

It’s a bit older, of course, but it looks and feels like a normal book, and it uses the same tech as manpages – which I think is really cool. 😎

It’s comparable to LaTeX (just harder/different to use) but much faster than LaTeX. You can also do stuff like render manpages as a PDF (man -Tpdf cp >cp.pdf) or as an HTML file (man -Thtml cp >cp.html). I think I once made slides for a talk this way.

On the other hand, traditional manpages (i.e., ones that are not written in mandoc) do not use semantic markup. They literally say, “this text is bold, that text over here is italics”, and so on.

So when you run man foo, it has no other choice but to show it in black, white, bold, underline – showing it in color would be wrong, because that’s not what the source code of that manpage says.

Colorizing them is a hack, to be honest. You’re not meant to do this. (The devs actually broke this by accident recently. They themselves aren’t really aware that people use colors.)

If mandoc and semantic markup was more commonly used, I think it would be easier to convince the devs to add proper customizable colors.

In 1996, they came up with the X11 “SECURITY” extension:

https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/4w548u/what_is_up_with_the_x11_security_extension/

This is what could have (eventually) solved the security issues that we’re currently seeing with X11. Those issues are cited as one of the reasons for switching to Wayland.

That extension never took off. The person on reddit wonders why – I think it’s simple: Containers and sandboxes weren’t a thing in 1996. It hardly mattered if X11 was “insecure”. If you could run an X11 client, you probably already had access to the machine and could just do all kinds of other nasty things.

Today, sandboxing is a thing. Today, this matters.

I’ve heard so many times that “X11 is beyond fixable, it’s hopeless.” I don’t believe that. I believe that these problems are solveable with X11 and some devs have said “yeah, we could have kept working on it”. It’s that people don’t want to do it:

Why not extend the X server?

Because for the first time we have a realistic chance of not having to do that.

https://wayland.freedesktop.org/faq.html

I’m not in a position to judge the devs. Maybe the X.Org code really is so bad that you want to run away, screaming in horror. I don’t know.

But all this was a choice. I don’t buy the argument that we never would have gotten rid of things like core fonts.

All the toolkits and programs had to be ported to Wayland. A huge, still unfinished effort. If that was an acceptable thing to do, then it would have been acceptable to make an “X12” that keeps all the good things about X11, remains compatible where feasible, eliminates the problems, and requires some clients to be adjusted. (You could have still made “X11X12” like “XWayland” for actual legacy programs.)

I wasn’t really aware until recently that programs can’t choose their own window’s position on Wayland. This is very weird to me, because this was not an issue on X11 to begin with: X11 programs can request a certain position and size, but the X11 WM ultimately decides if that request is being honored or not. And users can configure that.

But apparently, this whole thing is a heated debate in the Wayland world. 🤔

New World Chaos 7: Program of Life-and-Death | https://nilfm.cc/mixes.html

@prologic@twtxt.net Cool! What program do you use to draw this up?

I wish I could watch this (maybe they’ll record it… but I’m not sure):

“From #Fortran to #Python: A Conversation Across Generations of #ScientificComputing” #PyOhio

https://www.pyohio.org/2025/program/talks/from-fortran-to-python/

@movq@www.uninformativ.de Huuuhhh?! Did I get this correctly? There are programs installed that miss (some of) their dependencies?! What the heck! O_o

gomdn: Yet another Static Site Generator
Yet another Static Site Generator (SSG), but this one is mine.

It’s a stupidly simple Go program ( wc says 229 lines), more like a
hack, really, but I don’t need something like Hugo. Most of the real
work is done by the goldmark package, of course. This is mostly just a
wrapper, deciding if something needs to be rebuilt.

I’ve been using a Perl script together with cmark (originally
Markdown.pl) since forever. And before that the old [txt2tags](htt … ⌘ Read more

PEP 800: Disjoint bases in the type system
To analyze Python programs precisely, type checkers need to know when two classes can and cannot have a common child class. However, the information necessary to determine this is not currently part of the type system. This PEP adds a new decorator, @typing.disjoint_base, that indicates that a class is a “disjoint base”. Two classes that have distinct, unrelated disjoint bases cannot have a common child class. ⌘ Read more

Another example:

$ setpriv \
    --landlock-access fs \
    --landlock-rule path-beneath:execute,read-file:/bin/ls-static \
    --landlock-rule path-beneath:read-dir:/tmp \
    /bin/ls-static /tmp/tmp/xorg.atom

The first argument --landlock-access fs says that nothing is allowed.

--landlock-rule path-beneath:execute,read-file:/bin/ls-static says that reading and executing that file is allowed. It’s a statically linked ls program (not GNU ls).

--landlock-rule path-beneath:read-dir:/tmp says that reading the /tmp directory and everything below it is allowed.

The output of the ls-static program is this line:

─rw─r──r────x 3000 200 07-12 09:19 22'491 │ /tmp/tmp/xorg.atom

It was able to read the directory, see the file, do stat() on it and everything, the little x indicates that getting xattrs also worked.

3000 and 200 are user name and group name – they are shown as numeric, because the program does not have access to /etc/passwd and /etc/group.

Adding --landlock-rule path-beneath:read-file:/etc/passwd, for example, allows resolving users and yields this:

─rw─r──r────x cathy 200 07-12 09:19 22'491 │ /tmp/tmp/xorg.atom

The WM_CLASS Property is used on X11 to assign rules to certain windows, e.g. “this is a GIMP window, it should appear on workspace number 16.” It consists of two fields, name and class.

Wayland (or rather, the XDG shell protocol – core Wayland knows nothing about this) only has a single field called app_id.

When you run X11 programs under Wayland, you use XWayland, which is baked into most compositors. Then you have to deal with all three fields.

Some compositors map name to app_id, others map class to app_id, and even others directly expose the original name and class.

Apparently, there is no consensus.

@prologic@twtxt.net Yeah, this really could use a proper definition or a “manifest”. 😅 Many of these ideas are not very wide spread. And I haven’t come across similar projects in all these years.

Let’s take the farbfeld image format as an example again. I think this captures the “spirit” quite well, because this isn’t even about code.

This is the entire farbfeld spec:

farbfeld is a lossless image format which is easy to parse, pipe and compress. It has the following format:

╔════════╤═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║ Bytes  │ Description                                             ║
╠════════╪═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
║ 8      │ "farbfeld" magic value                                  ║
╟────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╢
║ 4      │ 32-Bit BE unsigned integer (width)                      ║
╟────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╢
║ 4      │ 32-Bit BE unsigned integer (height)                     ║
╟────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╢
║ [2222] │ 4x16-Bit BE unsigned integers [RGBA] / pixel, row-major ║
╚════════╧═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝

The RGB-data should be sRGB for best interoperability and not alpha-premultiplied.

(Now, I don’t know if your screen reader can work with this. Let me know if it doesn’t.)

I think these are some of the properties worth mentioning:

• The spec is extremely short. You can read this in under a minute and fully understand it. That alone is gold.
  
• There are no “knobs”: It’s just a single version, it’s not like there’s also an 8-bit color depth version and one for 16-bit and one for extra large images and one that supports layers and so on. This makes it much easier to implement a fully compliant program.
  
• Despite being so simple, it’s useful. I’ve used it in various programs, like my window manager, my status bars, some toy programs like “tuxeyes” (an Xeyes variant), or Advent of Code.
  
• The format does not include compression because it doesn’t need to. Just use something like bzip2 to get file sizes similar to PNG.
  
• It doesn’t cover every use case under the sun, but it does cover the most important ones (imho). They have discussed using something other than RGBA and decided it’s not worth the trouble.
  
• They refrained from adding extra baggage like metadata. It would have needlessly complicated things.

** Om nom nom LLMs, in which I respond to Simon Willison’s analogy **
I am hesitant to wade into the tumultuous waters that are the discourse around generative AI and LLMs, but this morning I came across a thing that so thoroughly melted my brain I feel uncontrollably compelled to respond.

This morning, at evidently 4:10 AM (no mention of timezone), Simon Willison shared the following blog post, quoted here in full:

Quitting programming as … ⌘ Read more

Just realized: One of the reasons why I don’t like “flat UIs” is that they look broken to me. Like the program has a bug, missing pixmaps or whatever.

Take this for example:

Image

I’m talking about this area specifically:

Image

One UI element ends and the other one begins – no “transition” between them.

The style of old UIs like these two is deeply ingrained into my brain:

Image

Image

When all these little elements (borders, handles, even just simple lines, …) are no longer present, then the program looks buggy and broken to me. And I’m not sure if I’ll ever be able to un-learn that.

I did a “lecture”/“workshop” about this at work today. 16-bit DOS, real mode. 💾 Pretty cool and the audience (devs and sysadmins) seemed quite interested. 🥳

• People used the Intel docs to figure out the instruction encodings.
  
• Then they wrote a little DOS program that exits with a return code and they used uhex in DOSBox to do that. Yes, we wrote a COM file manually, no Assembler involved. (Many of them had never used DOS before.)
  
• DEBUG from FreeDOS was used to single-step through the program, showing what it does.
  
• This gets tedious rather quickly, so we switched to SVED from SvarDOS for writing the rest of the program in Assembly language. nasm worked great for us.
  
• At the end, we switched to BIOS calls instead of DOS syscalls to demonstrate that the same binary COM file works on another OS. Also a good opportunity to talk about bootloaders a little bit.
  
• (I think they even understood the basics of segmentation in the end.)
  

The 8086 / 16-bit real-mode DOS is a great platform to explain a lot of the fundamentals without having to deal with OS semantics or executable file formats.

Now that was a lot of fun. 🥳 It’s very rare that we do something like this, sadly. I love doing this kind of low-level stuff.

** Of fairies, compost, and computers **
Lately I’ve buried myself in reading fiction. Stand outs from among the crowd are, of course, Middlemarch but also a lot of sort of scholarly fairy fiction; works that follow the scholastic adventures of studious professorial types in vaugely magical settings. Namely Emily Wilde’s Encyclopedia of Faeries’, Heather Fawcett and The Ten Thousand Doors of January, Alix E. Harrow.

I’ve also been working on a handful of personal utility programs. I … ⌘ Read more

Saw this on Mastodon:

https://racingbunny.com/@mookie/114718466149264471

18 rules of Software Engineering

1. You will regret complexity when on-call
   
2. Stop falling in love with your own code
   
3. Everything is a trade-off. There’s no “best” 3. Every line of code you write is a liability 4. Document your decisions and designs
   
4. Everyone hates code they didn’t write
   
5. Don’t use unnecessary dependencies
   
6. Coding standards prevent arguments
   
7. Write meaningful commit messages
   
8. Don’t ever stop learning new things
   
9. Code reviews spread knowledge
   
10. Always build for maintainability
    
11. Ask for help when you’re stuck
    
12. Fix root causes, not symptoms
    
13. Software is never completed
    
14. Estimates are not promises
    
15. Ship early, iterate often
    
16. Keep. It. Simple.
    

Solid list, even though 14 is up for debate in my opinion: Software can be completed. You have a use case / problem, you solve that problem, done. Your software is completed now. There might still be bugs and they should be fixed – but this doesn’t “add” to the program. Don’t use “software is never done” as an excuse to keep adding and adding stuff to your code.

Okay, here’s a thing I like about Rust: Returning things as Option and error handling. (Or the more complex Result, but it’s easier to explain with Option.)

fn mydiv(num: f64, denom: f64) -> Option<f64> {
    // (Let’s ignore precision issues for a second.)
    if denom == 0.0 {
        return None;
    } else {
        return Some(num / denom);
    }
}

fn main() {
    // Explicit, verbose version:
    let num: f64 = 123.0;
    let denom: f64 = 456.0;
    let wrapped_res = mydiv(num, denom);
    if wrapped_res.is_some() {
        println!("Unwrapped result: {}", wrapped_res.unwrap());
    }

    // Shorter version using "if let":
    if let Some(res) = mydiv(123.0, 456.0) {
        println!("Here’s a result: {}", res);
    }

    if let Some(res) = mydiv(123.0, 0.0) {
        println!("Huh, we divided by zero? This never happens. {}", res);
    }
}

You can’t divide by zero, so the function returns an “error” in that case. (Option isn’t really used for errors, IIUC, but the basic idea is the same for Result.)

Option is an enum. It can have the value Some or None. In the case of Some, you can attach additional data to the enum. In this case, we are attaching a floating point value.

The caller then has to decide: Is the value None or Some? Did the function succeed or not? If it is Some, the caller can do .unwrap() on this enum to get the inner value (the floating point value). If you do .unwrap() on a None value, the program will panic and die.

The if let version using destructuring is much shorter and, once you got used to it, actually quite nice.

Now the trick is that you must somehow handle these two cases. You must either call something like .unwrap() or do destructuring or something, otherwise you can’t access the attached value at all. As I understand it, it is impossible to just completely ignore error cases. And the compiler enforces it.

(In case of Result, the compiler would warn you if you ignore the return value entirely. So something like doing write() and then ignoring the return value would be caught as well.)

We really are bouncing back and forth between flat UIs and beveled UIs. I mean, this is what old X11 programs looked like:

Image

Good luck figuring out which of these UI elements are click-able – unless you examine every pixel on the screen.

@movq@www.uninformativ.de That sounds great! (Well, they actually must have recorded the audio with a potato or so.) You talked about pledge(…) and unveil(…) before, right? I somewhere ran across them once before. Never tried them out, but these syscalls seem to be really useful. They also have the potential to make one really rethink about software architecture. I should probably give this a try and see how I can improve my own programs.

@prologic@twtxt.net I’m trying to call some libc functions (because the Rust stdlib does not have an equivalent for getpeername(), for example, so I don’t have a choice), so I have to do some FFI stuff and deal with raw pointers and all that, which is very gnarly in Rust – because you’re not supposed to do this. Things like that are trivial in C or even Assembler, but I have not yet understood what Rust does under the hood. How and when does it allocate or free memory … is the pointer that I get even still valid by the time I do the libc call? Stuff like that.

I hope that I eventually learn this over time … but I get slapped in the face at every step. It’s very frustrating and I’m always this 🤏 close to giving up (only to try again a year later).

Oh, yeah, yeah, I guess I could “just” use some 3rd party library for this. socket2 gets mentioned a lot in this context. But I don’t want to. I literally need one getpeername() call during the lifetime of my program, I don’t even do the socket(), bind(), listen(), accept() dance, I already have a fully functional file descriptor. Using a library for that is total overkill and I’d rather do it myself. (And look at the version number: 0.5.10. The library is 6 years old but they’re still saying: “Nah, we’re not 1.0 yet, we reserve the right to make breaking changes with every new release.” So many Rust libs are still unstable …)

… and I could go on and on and on … 🤣

OpenBSD has the wonderful pledge() and unveil() syscalls:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bXO6nelFt-E

Not only are they super useful (the program itself can drop privileges – like, it can initialize itself, read some files, whatever, and then tell the kernel that it will never do anything like that again; if it does, e.g. by being exploited through a bug, it gets killed by the kernel), but they are also extremely easy to use.

Imagine a server program with a connected socket in file descriptor 0. Before reading any data from the client, the program can do this:

unveil("/var/www/whatever", "r");
unveil(NULL, NULL);
pledge("stdio rpath", NULL);

Done. It’s now limited to reading files from that directory, communicating with the existing socket, stuff like that. But it cannot ever read any other files or exec() into something else.

I can’t wait for the day when we have something like this on Linux. There have been some attempts, but it’s not that easy. And it’s certainly not mainstream, yet.

I need to have a closer look at Linux’s Landlock soon (“soon”), but this is considerably more complicated than pledge()/unveil():

https://landlock.io/

On my blog: Developer Diary, Day of the African Child https://john.colagioia.net/blog/2025/06/16/african-child.html #programming #project #devjournal

So I was using this function in Rust:

https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/path/struct.Path.html#method.display

Note the little 1.0.0 in the top right corner, which means that this function has been “stable since Rust version 1.0.0”. We’re at 1.87 now, so we’re good.

Then I compiled my program on OpenBSD with Rust 1.86, i.e. just one version behind, but well ahead of 1.0.0.

The compiler said that I was using an unstable library feature.

Turns out, that function internally uses this:

https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsStr.html#method.display

And that is only available since Rust 1.87.

How was I supposed to know this? 🤨🫩

CNCF Kubestronaut Program Momentum Highlights Asia’s Role in Growing Cloud Native Talent
Upcoming Kubestronaut celebrations in China and Japan to honor global program growth Hong Kong, China– 10 June, 2025 – The Cloud Native Computing Foundation® (CNCF®), which builds sustainable ecosystems for cloud native software, today announced continued… ⌘ Read more

How I program with Agents
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Having some fun with SIRDS this morning.

Image

What you should see:

Image

And the tutorial I used for my C program: https://www.ime.usp.br/~otuyama/stereogram/basic/index.html

“She didn’t want to leave’: Program to help people using libraries as safe spaces
A Perth library trials a social worker program after noticing an increase in people using libraries as a safe space. ⌘ Read more

Queensland shark control plan goes against government commissioned advice
The KPMG report stresses that while “traditional measures” are still required, the program needs to transition away from “environmentally harmful practices”, such as drumlines and mesh nets. ⌘ Read more

How can one write blazing fast yet useful compilers (for lazy pure functional languages)?
I’ve decided enough is enough and I want to write my own compiler (seems I caught a bug and lobste.rs is definitely not discouraging it). The language I have in mind is a basic (lazy?) statically-typed pure functional programming language with do notation and records (i.e. mostly Haskell-lite).

I have other ideas I’d like to explore as well, but mainly, I want the compiler to be so fast (w/ optimisations) that … ⌘ Read more

$7,500 Bug: Exposing Any HackerOne User’s Email via Private Program Invite

Image

How One GraphQL Query Turned Private Invites into Public Data Leaks

[Continue reading on InfoSec Write-ups »](https://infosecwrite … ⌘ Read more

Small Programs and Languages
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A programming system
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Killing more than breast and prostate, our deadliest cancer to get screening
After years of lobbying from patients, the first ever national lung cancer screening program will roll out next month for people who have a significant history of smoking. ⌘ Read more

[ On | No ] syntactic support for error handling - The Go Programming Language
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Tasmanian land program yet to deliver affordable lots for homes
Developers in Tasmania can apply for a rebate to offset some of the costs associated with subdivisions. It’s part of a program aimed at fast-tracking lots for “affordable” sales but, after 10 months not one affordable lot has been sold. ⌘ Read more

The diabetes program lifting people out a ‘really dark place’
When Kelly Anderson suddenly lost her daughter, she became depressed and rapidly gained weight. A community exercise program helped turn her life around. ⌘ Read more

A tour of upcoming RFCs for the Hare programming language
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On my blog: Developer Diary, International Sex Workers’ Day https://john.colagioia.net/blog/2025/06/02/sex-workers.html #programming #project #devjournal

Brain injury survivors connecting through rhythm and music
The NeuroRhythm program combines dance with Djembe drumming to offer participants a space to express themselves and connect with others. ⌘ Read more

Programming Beyond Practices
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First ever vintage at new Tasmanian winery
Tasmania’s newest winemaking operation has passed its first test, processing its first ever vintage. ⌘ Read more

A break from programming languages
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Senior Canadian diplomat compares Trump’s Golden Dome missile program to a ‘protection racket’ ⌘ Read more

Helonium’s Hartree-Fock program
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[$] Allowing BPF programs more access to the network
Mahé Tardy led two sessions about some of the challenges that he, Kornilios Kourtis,
and John Fastabend have run into in their work on
Tetragon (Apache-licensed BPF-based security monitoring software)
at the Linux Storage, Filesystem, Memory Management, and BPF Summit. The session
prompted discussion about the feasibility of letting BPF programs
send data over the network, as well as potential new kfuncs to let BPF firewalls
send TCP reset packets. Tardy pre … ⌘ Read more

Part 3: How to Become a Pentester in 2025: Programming & Scripting Foundations for pentester ⌘ Read more

Apple Launches Self Service Repair for iPad
Apple today announced that its Self Service Repair program is expanding to the iPad.

Image

The program will provide ‌iPad‌ owners with manuals, genuine Apple parts, … ⌘ Read more

On my blog: Developer Diary, Memorial Day https://john.colagioia.net/blog/2025/05/26/memorial.html #programming #project #devjournal

For context, this is a funny
Interaction between an engineer and copilot on Microsoft’s core programming Language 🤣🤯

Programming On 34 Keys (2022)
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One of the nicest things about Go is the language itself, comparing Go to other popular languages in terms of the complexity to learn to be proficient in:

• Go: 25 keywords (Stack Overflow); CSP-style concurrency (goroutines & channels)
  
• Python 2: 30 keywords (TutorialsPoint); GIL-bound threads & multiprocessing (Wikipedia)
  
• Python 3: 35 keywords (Initial Commit); GIL-bound threads, asyncio & multiprocessing (Wikipedia, DEV Community)
  
• Java: 50 keywords (Stack Overflow); threads + java.util.concurrent (Wikipedia)
  
• C++: 82 keywords (Stack Overflow); std::thread, atomics & futures (en.cppreference.com)
  
• JavaScript: 38 keywords (Stack Overflow); single-threaded event loop & async/await, Web Workers (Wikipedia)
  
• Ruby: 42 keywords (Stack Overflow); GIL-bound threads (MRI), fibers & processes (Wikipedia)
  

Trump’s cultural overhaul throttles local arts, humanities programs nationwide
Piper Hudspeth Blackburn and Sunlen Serfaty,  Reporters  -  CNN

_Stephan: Aspiring dictator Trump, like his father before him, has always been a White supremacist racist. He and his father were both penalized decades ago for using racism in the renting of the apartments they owned. Trump and his MAGAt followers don’t want children to be taught the true history of America … ⌘ Read more

Literate Programming with a little bit of spatiality: https://merveilles.town/@akkartik/114547652849162554

On my blog: Firefox’s Tabs https://john.colagioia.net/blog/2025/05/21/firefox-tabs.html #programming #techtips

Finding hard 24 puzzles with planner programming
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On my blog: Developer Diary, Malcolm X Day https://john.colagioia.net/blog/2025/05/19/malcolm-x.html #programming #project #devjournal

10 Most Devastating Computer Viruses
Long before computers made their way into workplaces and homes everywhere, people theorized about a destructive kind of program that could replicate itself and spread between networked machines. In the 1980s and early 1990s, those programs became popularly known as “computer viruses.” You’ve probably had one at some point. All it takes is one wrong […]

The post [10 Most Devastating Computer Viruses](https://listverse.com/2025/05/19/10-most-devastating-comput … ⌘ Read more

@kat@yarn.girlonthemoon.xyz I only listened to you while going through my photos, so I did not pay very close attention. :-)

Since you have a proper server – haha, not just one – and hence are not limited, I suggest you learn a real programming language and don’t waste your time with this PHP mess. It might have improved a wee bit since I was a kid, but it felt like some hacked together shit. The defaults also were questionable at best, it was easier to hold it wrong than right. This stands testament to bad design and is especially terrible from a security point of view.

You’re right, programming is like any other craft. You only truly learn by actually doing it. And this just takes time. Very long time to master it. Or as close to as it gets. The more you know, the more you realize what else you don’t know (yet). It’s a never ending process. So, take it easy, don’t get discouraged, happy hacking and enjoy the endeavor! :-)

Every programming language has its ‘killer’ domain
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Comparing Parallel Functional Array Languages: Programming and Performance
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New Life Hack: Using LLMs to Generate Constraint Solver Programs for Personal Logistics Tasks
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What Problems are Truly Technical, not Social?
Most “tech” problems (and solutions) seem social, with e.g. most newer startups relying on internal connections to gain real world adoption, otherwise blocked due to institutional apathy and bad regulations (sms 2fa, hospital faxes…)

A recent (unlocated) poll asked a similar question: “what percent of workers in the software industry are employed writing programs that should not exist?” While we do have NP-hard problems, politically hard problems like avoi … ⌘ Read more

Flawed Federal Programs Maroon Rural Americans in Telehealth Blackouts
arah Jane Tribble and Holly K. Hacker,    -  Med Page Today | Kaiser Family Foundation

_Stephan: I live on a rural island, and depend on telehealth sessions with doctors, because if telehealth ends, as the Republicans are trying to do, a 15-minute call would become a daylong trip to the mainland.  Sadly, even worse plans to extend internet access have not proceeded under Trump and th … ⌘ Read more

Using AI to build a tactical shooter
This video demonstrates a nice mental model of how to structure AI assisted programming for building prototypes (planning stage and implementation stage), how to increase speed by varying the input (audio vs. text), along with different smaller tactics to improve the process.

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On my blog: Firefox’s Local Storage https://john.colagioia.net/blog/2025/05/14/firefox-local-storage.html #programming #techtips

600 per cent fruit fly rise feared as pest program runs out of cash
Kids at a small country school in Victoria’s fruit bowl watch their iconic fruit fly warning sign come down — just as government funding to fight the pest runs out. ⌘ Read more

I have zero mental energy for programming at the moment. 🫤

I’ll try to implement the new hashing stuff in jenny before the “deadline”. But I don’t think you’ll see any texudus development from me in the near future. ☹️

A programming language made for me
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